Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Basic Certification Practice Exam

Which type of breathing sounds are typically present in a patient with emphysema?

1. Coarse rhonchi

2. Wheezing and rhonchi

3. Scattered rales

4. Stridor

The correct answer is: Wheezing and rhonchi

Wheezing and rhonchi are common respiratory sounds associated with emphysema due to the chronic obstruction of airflow and the inflammation of the airways. In emphysema, the damage to the alveoli and bronchioles impairs airflow, leading to difficulty in expiration. As air is trapped in the lungs, it creates a turbulent airflow which can produce wheezing, a high-pitched sound usually heard during expiration. In addition, rhonchi, which are low-pitched, snoring-like sounds, can occur due to mucus or secretions in the larger airways. The presence of these specific respiratory sounds reflects the nature of the disease process in emphysema. It is essential to recognize these sounds as they signify underlying airway obstruction and help guide further assessment and management of the patient.