Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Basic Certification Practice Exam

Which of the following is a sign of stimulant drug use?

1. Decreased heart rate

2. Cool, clammy skin

3. Dilated pupils

4. Low blood pressure

The correct answer is: Dilated pupils

Dilated pupils are a well-known sign of stimulant drug use. Stimulants such as cocaine, amphetamines, and other similar substances increase the activity of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, which leads to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system. This activation causes various physiological changes in the body, one of which includes mydriasis, or dilation of the pupils. The other options reflect responses more typical of depressants or other conditions. For instance, decreased heart rate and low blood pressure are generally associated with calming or sedative effects rather than the heightened activity seen in stimulant use. Similarly, cool, clammy skin can indicate a stress response or shock, not the effects of stimulants. Understanding these physiological responses helps EMTs recognize the signs of different drug influences, which is crucial for effective assessment and intervention in emergency situations.