Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Basic Certification Practice Exam

What does an increase in work of breathing indicate in a pediatric patient?

1. Improved health status

2. Potential respiratory distress

3. Normal development

4. Decreased heart rate

The correct answer is: Potential respiratory distress

An increase in work of breathing in a pediatric patient typically indicates potential respiratory distress. This heightened effort can manifest as increased use of accessory muscles, nasal flaring, grunting, or retractions, all signaling that the child may be struggling to breathe effectively. In pediatric patients, the respiratory system is particularly sensitive to changes in oxygenation and ventilation, and as such, any marked increase in the effort to breathe is a warning sign that there may be an underlying issue affecting their respiratory function—this could include conditions such as asthma, pneumonia, or other obstructive or restrictive airway diseases. Understanding this concept is crucial for EMTs as early recognition of respiratory distress allows for timely intervention, which can significantly impact patient outcomes. By monitoring for signs of distress, healthcare providers can prioritize treatment, such as supplemental oxygen or other emergency interventions, to stabilize the pediatric patient.